When did neurologists and psychiatrists stop talking to each other?

 
Epilepsy Behav. 2003 Dec;4(6):597-601. Related Articles, Links
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When did neurologists and psychiatrists stop talking to each other?

Kanner AM.

Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA. akanner@rush.edu

Patients with epilepsy have a significantly higher prevalence of psychiatric comorbid disorders involving depression, anxiety, psychotic, and attention deficit disorders. Accordingly, one would expect that psychiatrists would be actively involved in the evaluation and management of these patients. This, however, is hardly the case. Patients who undergo temporal lobectomies, for example, are known to experience postsurgical depression and occasionally psychotic disorders. Yet, most epilepsy centers in North America do not include a psychiatric evaluation as part of the presurgical work-up. Collaboration between epileptologists and psychiatrists is often sparse, despite the intimate relationship between psychiatric comorbidities and epilepsy. The purpose of this paper is to highlight this bizarre phenomenon and to identify some of the reasons behind it.

PMID: 14698691 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE]

Posted in Psychiatry/Neurology |

"treatment of depression has become an integral part of the management of these neurologic disorders"

 Epilepsy Behav. 2005 May;6(3):303-11. Related Articles, Links
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Should neurologists be trained to recognize and treat comorbid depression of neurologic disorders? Yes.

Kanner AM.

Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush Medical College, Rush Epilepsy Center and Rush University Medical Center, 1653 West Congress Parkway, Chicago, IL, USA. akanner@rush.edu

Depression is a relatively common psychiatric comorbidity of most neurological disorders, with prevalence rates ranging between 20 and 50% among patients with stroke, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease and dementia. Furthermore, depression is an independent predictor of poor quality of life in these patients and has a negative impact on the response to treatment, course and recovery of neurological deficits. Thus, treatment of depression has become an integral part of the management of these neurologic disorders. This article discusses the rationale for neurologists to be trained in recognizing depressive disorders in neurologic patients and identifies the type of mood disorders in which neurologists can provide pharmacotherapy and those that need to be referred to the care of the psychiatrist.

Publication Types:

PMID: 15820336 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE]

Posted in News | Tagged |

Relation of higher folate intake to lower risk of Alzheimer disease in the elderly.

 
Arch Neurol. 2007 Jan;64(1):86-92.
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Relation of higher folate intake to lower risk of Alzheimer disease in the elderly.

Luchsinger JA, Tang MX, Miller J, Green R, Mayeux R.

Taub Institute for Research of Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Joseph P. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. jal94@columbia.edu

BACKGROUND: Higher intake of folate and vitamins B6 (pyridoxine hydrochloride) and B12 (cyanocobalamin) may decrease the risk of Alzheimer disease (AD) through the lowering of homocysteine levels. OBJECTIVE: To relate intake of folate and vitamins B6 and B12 to AD risk. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: We followed up 965 persons 65 years or older without dementia at baseline for a mean +/- SD period of 6.1 +/- 3.3 person-years after the administration of a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Total, dietary, and supplement intake of folate and vitamins B6 and B12 and kilocalorie intake were estimated from the questionnaire responses. We related energy-adjusted intake of folate and vitamins B6 and B12 to incident AD using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Incident AD. RESULTS: We found 192 cases of incident AD. The highest quartile of total folate intake was related to a lower risk of AD (hazard ratio, 0.5; 95% confidence interval, 0.3-0.9; P=.02 for trend) after adjustment for age, sex, education, ethnic group, the epsilon4 allele of apolipoprotein E, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, current smoking, heart disease, stroke, and vitamin B6 and B12 levels. Vitamin B6 and B12 levels were not related to the risk of AD. CONCLUSIONS: Higher folate intake may decrease the risk of AD independent of other risk factors and levels of vitamins B6 and B12. These results require confirmation with clinical trials.

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PMID: 17210813 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE]

Posted in Aging | Tagged |

Bilingualism as a protection against the onset of symptoms of dementia.

 
Neuropsychologia. 2007 Jan 28;45(2):459-64. Epub 2006 Nov 27. Related Articles, Links
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Bilingualism as a protection against the onset of symptoms of dementia.

Bialystok E, Craik FI, Freedman M.

Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ellenb@yorku.ca

This study examined the effect of lifelong bilingualism on maintaining cognitive functioning and delaying the onset of symptoms of dementia in old age. The sample was selected from the records of 228 patients referred to a Memory Clinic with cognitive complaints. The final sample consisted of 184 patients diagnosed with dementia, 51% of whom were bilingual. The bilinguals showed symptoms of dementia 4 years later than monolinguals, all other measures being equivalent. Additionally, the rate of decline in Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores over the 4 years subsequent to the diagnosis was the same for a subset of patients in the two groups, suggesting a shift in onset age with no change in rate of progression.

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PMID: 17125807 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE]

Posted in Aging | Tagged |

Physical Activity and the Risk of Dementia in Oldest Old

 Journal of Aging and Health, Vol. 19, No. 2, 242-259 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0898264307299299
© 2007 SAGE Publications

Physical Activity and the Risk of Dementia in Oldest Old

Aleksandra Sumic, MPH

Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, sumica@ohsu.edu .

Yvonne L. Michael, ScD

Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon

Nichole E. Carlson, PhD

Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon

Diane B. Howieson, PhD

Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon

Jeffrey A. Kaye, MD, PhD

Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon

Objective: This study evaluated the protective role of physical activity (PA) against cognitive impairment (CI) in the oldest old (age ≥ 85). Method: Prospective data on 66 optimally healthy, oldest old adults (mean age 88.5) were analyzed using survival analysis. Results: In all, 12 men and 11 women reported exercising > 4 hours per week, and 38 participants developed CI (mean onset age 93; mean follow-up 4.7 years). The effect of exercise was modified by gender. In more active women (> 4 hours/week), the risk of CI was reduced by 88% (95% confidence interval 0.03, 0.41) compared to those less active. Less active women had 2 times the incidence rate of CI compared to less active men and almost 5 times the rate compared to active women. Discussion: This study demonstrates the beneficial effects of exercise on healthy brain aging even in the oldest old and emphasizes the importance of increasing PA in older women.

Key Words: oldest old • physical activity • exercise • dementia • cognitive impairment



Posted in Aging | Tagged |