Decreased percentage REM sleep was associated with greater risk of all-cause, cardiovascular, and other noncancer-related mortality in 2 independent cohorts.

Posted on July 10, 2020 by Maurice Preter MD
Implications for brain health, mood too. #turmeric #https://psychiatryneurology.net/?s=turmeric
 
 
 
Original Investigation
July 6, 2020

Association of Rapid Eye Movement Sleep With Mortality in Middle-aged and Older Adults

Eileen B. Leary, PhD, RPSGT1; Kathleen T. Watson, MS1; Sonia Ancoli-Israel, PhD2; et alSusan Redline, MD, MPH3; Kristine Yaffe, MD4; Laurel A. Ravelo, MS5; Paul E. Peppard, PhD5; James Zou, PhD1; Steven N. Goodman, MD, MHS, PhD1; Emmanuel Mignot, MD, PhD1; Katie L. Stone, PhD4,6
Author Affiliations
JAMA Neurol. Published online July 6, 2020. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.2108
 
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Key Points

Question  Is less rapid eye movement (REM) sleep associated with increased mortality?

Findings  In this cross-sectional study of 4050 individuals from 2 independent cohorts, lower amounts of REM sleep were associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality. There was a 13% higher mortality rate over 12.1 years for every 5% reduction in REM sleep in a cohort of 2675 older men, and the finding was replicated in a cohort of 1375 middle-aged men and women followed-up for 20.8 years.

Meaning  Less REM sleep is associated with increased mortality risk.

Abstract

Importance  Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep has been linked with health outcomes, but little is known about the relationship between REM sleep and mortality.

Objective  To investigate whether REM sleep is associated with greater risk of mortality in 2 independent cohorts and to explore whether another sleep stage could be driving the findings.

Design, Setting, and Participants  This multicenter population-based cross-sectional study used data from the Outcomes of Sleep Disorders in Older Men (MrOS) Sleep Study and Wisconsin Sleep Cohort (WSC). MrOS participants were recruited from December 2003 to March 2005, and WSC began in 1988. MrOS and WSC participants who had REM sleep and mortality data were included. Analysis began May 2018 and ended December 2019.

Main Outcomes and Measures  All-cause and cause-specific mortality confirmed with death certificates.

Results  The MrOS cohort included 2675 individuals (2675 men [100%]; mean [SD] age, 76.3 [5.5] years) and was followed up for a median (interquartile range) of 12.1 (7.8-13.2) years. The WSC cohort included 1386 individuals (753 men [54.3%]; mean [SD] age, 51.5 [8.5] years) and was followed up for a median (interquartile range) of 20.8 (17.9-22.4) years. MrOS participants had a 13% higher mortality rate for every 5% reduction in REM sleep (percentage REM sleep SD = 6.6%) after adjusting for multiple demographic, sleep, and health covariates (age-adjusted hazard ratio, 1.12; fully adjusted hazard ratio, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.08-1.19). Results were similar for cardiovascular and other causes of death. Possible threshold effects were seen on the Kaplan-Meier curves, particularly for cancer; individuals with less than 15% REM sleep had a higher mortality rate compared with individuals with 15% or more for each mortality outcome with odds ratios ranging from 1.20 to 1.35. Findings were replicated in the WSC cohort despite younger age, inclusion of women, and longer follow-up (hazard ratio, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.08-1.19). A random forest model identified REM sleep as the most important sleep stage associated with survival.

Conclusions and Relevance  Decreased percentage REM sleep was associated with greater risk of all-cause, cardiovascular, and other noncancer-related mortality in 2 independent cohorts.

 
  • Editorial
    Should Neurologists Be Concerned With REM Sleep Quantity?

 

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaneurology/article-abstract/2767713

Posted in Affective Neuroscience, Aging, China, Complementary - Alternative Medicine, dietary, epigenetics, Fifth Avenue Concierge Medicine, Health, International And Concierge Medicine, keto, metabolic, News, Psychiatry/Neurology | Tagged , , , , |

Current low to moderate alcohol consumption among middle-aged or older adults may be associated with better total cognitive function.

Posted on July 10, 2020 by Maurice Preter MD
Original Investigation 
Neurology
June 29, 2020

Association of Low to Moderate Alcohol Drinking With Cognitive Functions From Middle to Older Age Among US Adults

Ruiyuan Zhang, MD, MS1; Luqi Shen, MS1; Toni Miles, MD, PhD1; et alYe Shen, PhD1; Jose Cordero, MD, MPH1; Yanling Qi, PhD2; Lirong Liang, PhD3; Changwei Li, MD, PhD, MPH1
Author Affiliations Article Information
JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(6):e207922. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.7922
 
 
Key Points Español  中文 (Chinese)

Question  Does an association exist between current low to moderate alcohol drinking and cognitive function trajectories or rates of cognitive decline from middle to older age among US adults?

Findings  In this cohort study of 19 887 participants from the Health and Retirement Study, with a mean follow-up of 9.1 years, when compared with never drinking, low to moderate drinking was associated with significantly better trajectories of higher cognition scores for mental status, word recall, and vocabulary and with lower rates of decline in each of these cognition domains.

Meaning  Current low to moderate alcohol consumption among middle-aged or older adults may be associated with better total cognitive function.

Abstract

Importance  Studies examining the association of low to moderate drinking with various cognitive functions have yielded mixed findings.

Objective  To investigate whether associations exist between low to moderate alcohol drinking and cognitive function trajectories or rates of change in cognitive function from middle age to older age among US adults.

Design, Setting, and Participants  A prospective cohort study of participants drawn from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a nationally representative sample of US adults, with mean (SD) follow-up of 9.1 (3.1) years. In total, 19 887 participants who had their cognitive functions measured in the HRS starting in 1996 through 2008 and who had participated in at least 3 biennial surveys were included. The data analysis was conducted from June to November 2019.

Exposures  Alcohol consumption and aging.

Main Outcomes and Measures  Trajectories and annual rates of change for the cognitive domains of mental status, word recall, and vocabulary and for the total cognitive score, which was the sum of the mental status and word recall scores. Participants were clustered into 2 cognitive function trajectories for each cognition measure assessed based on their scores at baseline and through at least 3 biennial surveys: a consistently low trajectory (representing low cognitive scores throughout the study period) and a consistently high trajectory (representing high cognitive scores throughout the study period).

Results  The mean (SD) age of 19 887 participants was 61.8 (10.2) years, and the majority of the HRS participants were women (11 943 [60.1%]) and of white race/ethnicity (16 950 [85.2%]). Low to moderate drinking (<8 drinks per week for women and <15 drinks per week for men) was significantly associated with a consistently high cognitive function trajectory and a lower rate of cognitive decline. Compared with never drinkers, low to moderate drinkers were less likely to have a consistently low trajectory for total cognitive function (odds ratio [OR], 0.66; 95% CI, 0.59-0.74), mental status (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.63-0.81), word recall (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.69-0.80), and vocabulary (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.56-0.74) (all P < .001). In addition, low to moderate drinking was associated with decreased annual rates of total cognitive function decline (β coefficient, 0.04; 95% CI, 0.02-0.07; P = .002), mental status (β coefficient, 0.02; 95% CI, 0.01-0.03; P = .002), word recall (β coefficient, 0.02; 95% CI, 0.01-0.04; P = .01), and vocabulary (β coefficient, 0.01; 95% CI, 0.00-0.03; P = .08). A significant racial/ethnic difference was observed for trajectories of mental status (P = .02 for interaction), in which low to moderate drinking was associated with lower odds of having a consistently low trajectory for white participants (OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.56-0.75) but not for black participants (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.74-1.39). Finally, the dosage of alcohol consumed had a U-shaped association with all cognitive function domains for all participants, with an optimal dose of 10 to 14 drinks per week.

Conclusions and relevance  These findings suggested that low to moderate alcohol drinking was associated with better global cognition scores, and these associations appeared stronger for white participants than for black participants. Studies examining the mechanisms underlying the association between alcohol drinking and cognition in middle-aged or older adults are needed.

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2767693

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The passage of time during the UK Covid-19 lockdown

Posted on July 9, 2020 by Maurice Preter MD

Abstract

In March 2020, in response to the Covid-19 pandemic, the UK Government imposed social and physical distancing measures on the population. These lockdown measures caused significant changes to all aspects of daily life. The current study examined how the passage of time was distorted during the lockdown period. Using an online questionnaire, day and week passage of time judgments were collected. In addition, measures of affect, task load and satisfaction with current levels of social interaction were taken. The results show that over 80% of participants experienced distortion to the passage of time during lockdown in comparison with normal. The passage of time during the day was predicted by age, stress, task load and satisfaction with current levels of social interaction. A slowing of the passage of time was associated with increasing age, increasing stress, reduced task load and reduced satisfaction with current levels of social interaction. Only age and satisfaction with current levels of social interaction predicted passage of time across a week. Again, increasing age and reduced satisfaction with levels of social interaction were associated with a slowing of the passage of time. These findings demonstrate that significant changes to daily life have a significant impact on our experience of time, with younger, more socially satisfied people more likely to experience time as passing more quickly during the lockdown.

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0235871

Posted in Aging, Events, News | Tagged , , , |

Sleep and insomnia links

Posted on June 30, 2020 by Maurice Preter MD

https://www.cci.health.wa.gov.au/-/media/CCI/Mental-Health-Professionals/Sleep/Sleep—Information-Sheets/Sleep-Information-Sheet—01—Facts-About-Sleep.pdf

https://www.cci.health.wa.gov.au/-/media/CCI/Mental-Health-Professionals/Sleep/Sleep—Information-Sheets/Sleep-Information-Sheet—04—Sleep-Hygiene.pdf

Courtesy of the government of Western Australia Centre for Clinical Interventions

Posted in Aging, Complementary - Alternative Medicine, epigenetics, Fifth Avenue Concierge Medicine, Health, International And Concierge Medicine, Psychiatry/Neurology, Traumatic brain injury | Tagged , , , |

Belly fat in older women is linked to a 39% higher risk of dementia within 15 years, study says

Posted on June 28, 2020 by Maurice Preter MD

Probably not just in older women?

https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/23/health/belly-fat-dementia-link-wellness/index.html

(CNN)For older adults, your current belly size could be a key indicator in whether you develop dementia within the next decade or two. For women that risk is particularly high.

For women in later adulthood, above average belly fat can lead to a 39% increased risk of dementia within 15 years compared with those who have a normal waist circumference, according to a study published Tuesday in the International Journal of Epidemiology.
 
The foods you eat together may raise — or lower — your risk of dementia
For men and women over 50, the dementia risk is 28% when taking body mass index and waist circumference into account together, the study said.
Researchers measured participants’ height, weight and waist circumference and followed up with them an average of 11 years later to see whether they’d been diagnosed with dementia.

 

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